Resumo em Espanhol:
Objetivo: Comparar el acondicionamiento cardiorespiratorio medido como VO2 máximo en niños escolarizados expuestos a diferentes niveles de PM10 en Bogotá. Métodos: Estudio de corte transversal. Se incluyeron 1045 niños de 7-12 años de 4 colegios públicos con diferentes corredores viales y sistemas de transporte público. Tres colegios tenían alta contaminación (AC) y uno baja contaminación (BC). Se aplicó una encuesta a niños y padres sobre características sociodemográficas, actividad física, antecedentes de enfermedades respiratorias y salud. Se midió objetivamente peso y talla para calcular el índice masa corporal. El VO2 máximo se estimó con la prueba de Leger validada para Bogotá. Se realizaron espirometrias en 435 niños. Resultados: Después de ajustar por covariables, no se encontraron diferencias significativas en el VO2 máximo de los niños en colegios con BC ò AC. (Niñas BC: 45,8ml/kg/min vs. AC: 44,6ml/kg/min; p=0,11, niños BC: 47,2ml/kg/min vs. AC: 48,2ml/kg/min; p=0,41). Conclusión: No se encontraron diferencias en el VO2 máximo de los niños que asistían a los colegios de AC ó BC. Se recomienda un estudio longitudinal que evalúe los niveles de VO2 máximo en los niños expuestos a áreas altamente contaminadas.Resumo em Inglês:
Objective: This study was aimed at comparing cardiorespiratory fitness (CF), measured as VO2 max, amongst school children exposed to varying levels of particulate matter (PM10), and air pollution in Bogotá, Colombia. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study; it involved 1,045 children aged 7-12 attending four public schools served by different public transit routes and systems. Three schools were classified as being highly polluted (HP) and one slightly polluted (SP). The children and their parents were surveyed to collect data regarding their socio-demographic characteristics, physical activity habits and respiratory disease background. Objective measurements of weight and height were used to calculate the body mass index. VO2max was estimated using the 20-meter shuttle-run test, previously validated for Bogotá. Spirometry was performed on 435 children. Results: After adjustment for covariates, no difference was found in VO2max between children attending SP or HP schools (girls SP 45.8 ml/kg/min vs HP 44.6 ml/kg/min, p=0.11; boys SP 47.2 ml/kg/min cf HP 48.2 ml/kg/min, p=0.41). Conclusions: VO2max levels did not differ amongst children attending schools exposed to high compared to low levels of air pollution and PM. A longitudinal study assessing children’s VO2max levels in relation to exposure to highly-polluted areas is warranted.